Chapter 11 Review Questions | Miladys Standard Professional Barbering

Chapter 11 Review Questions

Why is the study of hair important to the barber? Barbers need a technical understanding of hair structure so they will be able to provide knowledge and professional service to clients.
Identify the technical term for the study of hair. Trichology
Describe the differences between the hair root and hair shaft.

The hair root is the portion of the hair enclosed within the follicle beneath the skin surface.
The hair shaft is the portion of the hair we see extending above the skin surface

What are amino acids? The building blocks or units of structure in protein
What are peptide bonds? End bonds; chemical bonds that join amino acids end to end
List the side bonds in the hair.

Identify ways in which peptide bonds and side bonds can be broken. Shampooing and rinsing, blow drying, acidic or alkaline solutions, chemical solutions
What is melanin? Coloring matter or pigment of the skin; found in the stratum germinativum of the epidermis and in the papillary layers of the dermis
Define wave pattern. Amount of movement in the hair strand; straight, wavy, curly, and coiled
Define hair stream, whorl, and cowlick.

Anagen (growth phase) - The stem cells actively manufacture new keratinized cells in the hair follicle at a rapid rate. About 90 percent of scalp hair is growing in the anagen phase at any one time. This part of the cycle generally lasts from three to five years, but can last as long as 10 years and determines how long the hair will grow before shedding.
Catagen (transition) - During this phase the follicle shrinks, the hair bulb disappears, and the shrunken root end forms a rounded club. Also during the catagen phase, the follicle is preparing for new growth by making germ cells. They surround the club and await the signal to renew the anagen phase. Lasting from one to three weeks, less than 1 percent of the hair is in the catagen phase at any one time.
Telogen (resting phase) - The hair is either shed during this phase or remains in place until it is pushed out by the growth of a new hair in the next anagen phase. About 10 percent of scalp hair is in the telogen phase at any one time, and this lasts for approximately three to six months.

Sight - Observation will impart some knowledge immediately, such as whether the hair looks dry or oily. Sight alone, however, will not provide an accurate judgement of the hair’s quality. The sense of sight compromises approximately 15 percent of the process of hair analysis,
Hearing - Some clients will volunteer information about their hair, health problems, or experiences with products and medications. Since all of these factors are important when deciding how to treat the hair, it is advisable to listen carefully
Smell - Certain scalp disorders will create an odor. If the client is in general good health and the scalp is clean, the hair should be odor-free.
Touch - The sense of touch is key to analyzing hair condition and texture. This sense needs to be developed to its fullest capacity for the barber to provide truly professional services.

Androgenic alopecia - hair loss that occurs as a result of genetics, age, and hormonal changes that cause the miniaturiation of terminal hair, converting it to vellus hair
Alopecia areata - characterized by the sudden falling out of hair in round patches that create bald spots. It is a highly unpredictable skin disease that can occur on the scalp and elsewhere on the body.
Alopecia senilis - the normal loss of scalp hair occurring in old age. The loss is permanent.
Alopecia syphilitica - caused by syphilis. The non-inflamed bald areas look molted or moth-eaten and may also affect the beard and eyebrow areas.

Dandruff - The presence of small, white scales that usually appear on the scalp and hair
Fungal infections - (TINEA) The medical term for ringworm. Ringworm is caused by fungal organisms and is characterized by itching, scales, and sometimes, painful circular lesions.
Animal parasitic infestations - Pediculosis capitis (head lice) and Scabies. Head lice feed on the scalp and cause severe itching. Scabies is a highly contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite.
Staphylococci infections - Folliculitis can occur anywhere on the body as a result of bacterial or viral infection and is characterized by the inflammation or infection of one or more hair follicles.

Explain the similarities and differences associated with folliculitis barbae and pseudofolliculitis barbae. Folliculitis barbae and pseudofolliculitis barbae are inflammations of the follicle caused by the bacterial or viral infection, irritation, or ingrown hairs. The cause of the inflammation is what differentiates the two conditions, but both can be triggered from damaged follicles caused by friction, blockages, or improper shaving methods that include close shaving, too much pressure, dull blades, or shaving against the grain.

Folliculitis barbae (barbers itch) - Staphylococcus bacteria most often cause the infection; however, a herpes simplex virus can spread to otherhair follicles during shaving, resulting in similar pustule formation and infection. Treatments include topical or oral antibiotics as prescribed by a physician.
Pseudofolliculitis barbae (razor bumps) - caused by improper shaving or by broken hair below the skin surface that grows into the side of the follicle, causing irritation and swelling that cuts off oxygen to the bottom of the follicle.

Milady's Standard Professional Barbering Chapter Review Question Study Guide